公共英语（4）期末考试说明
一、复习及命题范围
公共英语（4） 是广播电视大学开放教育本科的一门公共英语课。教材采用中央电大教材《电大英语》第四册（含学生用书及教师用书）。一学期学完。复习应以教材为基础。
二、学习要求
本课程目的是通过语音、语法、词汇等知识的学习和读、听、说、写基本技能训练，培养学生运用英语的能力，重点培养学生的阅读能力，使其能以英语为工具，获取专业所需的信息。
通过电大英语（4）考试的学生所掌握的词汇量应为2800词左右；能比较灵活地运用语法知识并较熟练地掌握阅读技巧；能借助工具书阅读相应专业英文资料（阅读速度为每分钟40个词左右）。其中对于阅读能力的具体要求是：
1． 掌握所读材料的的主旨和大意；
2．了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节；
3．根据上下文判断词汇附表以外某些词汇和短语的意思；
4．理解上下文之间的逻辑关系；
5．根椐所读材料进行简单的判断；
6．领会作者的观点和态度；
7． 正确理解原文并用汉语表达所述内容。
三、重点掌握的内容
（1）词汇是语言的基础，阅读理解的高低，很大程度上取决于词汇量的多少。因此，词汇也是整个英语学习期间教学的重点之一。在学习词汇时，不能孤立地一个一个地死记硬背，而要把生词放在句子里面去记忆，做到根据上下文学习词汇，立足于切实掌握词汇的用法。短语和词组是构成句子的直接单位。在学习时，要从语言运用的角度出发，把词组作为一个整体来记忆，通过学习含有词组的例句，掌握词组的用法。对于形、义相近的词或短语，其用法应注意通过举例比较进行掌握。
教材中出现的十四组重点的词汇应重点注意：
1） stronger, foreigner, strange(odd, funny)
2） way (on the way, in the way, in the same
way…)
3） belong, include, consist of, be composed of,
contain
4） clocks and watches (say, by, right, fast,
slow, gain, lose)
5） time (to have a good time, all thw time, at
the time, at a time, from time to time, for the time being, on time, in time)
6） wound, injure, hurt, cut, scratch
7） room, space(no room/space for, make
room/space for …)
8） sound, noise, voice, speech, language
9） be born, get/be maimed, die
10） keep(keep to, keep on, keep a promise/secret/diary, keep
an account, keep your head …)
11） words describing size(from vast to minute)
12） words describing heat and cold
13） agree(agree with/on/to, agree that…)
14） hard, hardly
（2）英语（4）的教学重点是阅读能力的培养。要学会并能熟练应用教材中介绍的一些阅读技巧，特别是以下几种：
略过不重要的词
通过上下文和单词结构猜测生词
篇章内容的预测
通过浏览和查读迅速获取信息
通过分析句子结构，正确理解长句和难句
推断句子间的关系
正确判断文章中事情发生的先后顺序
通过语言了解作者的思想，跟随作者的思路
句段内容的预测
识别主题句
分清文章中的指代关系
（3）语法也是阅读的基础，正确分析句子成分、结构、时态、语态，对于文章的理解也是至关重要的。除了巩固以前学习的语法之外，本课程中有以下语法现象需要大家注意：
冠词表示种类的用法。
一般现在时的的用法。
直接引语与间接引语的语法特点和表达意义
含有if的条件状语从句
理解过去完成时表达“过去的过去”这一概念
代词it做形式主语的用法和常见的句型
用it引导的强调句型
现在完成时的构成和用法及其与一般过去时的区别
情态动词should在几个特殊句型中的用法
现在分词作状语和宾补的用法
动词不定式的结构和用法
虚拟语气表示对过去发生的事情的不肯定
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
过去完成时的构成和语法意义
常用的前缀，后缀：un-, in-, dis-, mis-, re-,
non-, pre-, ex-, -ility, -ment, -ship, -hood, -dom, -ish, -y
四、考试题型：
第一题：单项选择填空。（15分）
共15小题，每题1分。每题下有A、B、C、D四个选项。根据句子意思选一个最佳答案。
第二题：完型填空。（10分）
一篇短文中有十处空白。要求在空白对应题号的四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案，使文章结构正确，意义完整。每小题2分。
第三题：阅读理解。（40分）
4篇短文。根据短文内容，完成每篇后的5个选择题。每小题2分。
第四题：翻译。（20分）
将第三题文章中的四个划线句子翻译成汉语。每小题5分。
第五题： 写作（15分）
根据题目要求完成一篇作文。作文应切题，单词拼写正确，语句通顺，150字左右。
附一份不完整的模拟题，攻大家熟悉题型：
一、单项选择：
1. The schoolmaster required that all of us
________ the exercises to him after class.
A. would hand
in B.
hand in
C. handed in D.
hand out
2. ________ to 100℃, water will boil.
A. Heat B.
Hot C.
Heating D. Heated
3. With the
help of some experts, the factory produced ________ cars in 1995 as the year
before.
A. as twice many B.
twice many as
C. as twice as many D.
twice as many
4. We demand that Russian ________ in this school.
A. is taught B.
be taught C. should teach D. taught
5. Our school
was built ________ its back to the hill, ________ a small river.
A. and;
towards B.
with; face
C. and;
facing D.
with; facing
6. I don't
remember ________ to Beijing when I was eleven.
A. been taken
B.
being taken
C. having been taken D.
have been taken
…
二、完型填空：
Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful
things that men and animals possess, if they are properly used. If fire did not
hurt when
it burnt, children
would play with it __1___their hands were burnt away,
__2__,if pain
existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself
again and again,
because fear would not __3___it to keep away from the
fire that had burnt
it before. Fear and pain are there fore two guards
___4___which men and
animals might soon die out. ……
1.A.because B.
if C. though D. until
2.A.Generally B.
Probably C. Similarly D. Consequently
3.A.warn
B. request C. manage D. protect
4.A.with
B. without C. for D. against
……
三、阅读理解
Passage One
It is 3A.M.
Everything on the university campus seems ghostlike in the quiet, misty
darkness - everything except the computer center. Here, twenty
students rumpled and
bleary-eyed, sit transfixed at their consoles, tapping away on the terminal
keys. With eyes glued to the video screen, they tap on for hours. For the rest
of the world, it might be the middle of the night, but here time does not
exist. This is a world unto itself. These young computer
"hackers"
are pursuing a kind of compulsion, a drive so consuming it overshadows nearly
every other part of their lives and forms the focal point of their existence.
They are compulsive computer programmers. Some of these students have been at
the console for thirty hours or more without a break for meals or sleep. Some
have fallen asleep on sofas and lounge chairs in the computer center, trying to
catch a few winks but loathe to get
too far away from their beloved machines.
Most of these students
don't have to be at the computer center in the middle of the night. They aren't
working on assignments. They are there
because they want to
be - they are irresistibly drawn there.
And they are not alone.
There are hackers at computer centers all across the country. In their extreme
form, they focus on nothing else. They flunk
out of school and
lose contact with friends; they might have difficulty finding jobs, choosing
instead to wander from one computer center to another. They may even forgo
personal hygiene.
"I remember one
hacker. We literally had to carry him off his chair to feed him and put him to
sleep. We really feared for his health," says a
computer science
professor at MIT.
Computer science
teachers are now more aware of the implications of this hacker phenomenon and
are on the lookout for potential hackers and cases of
computer
addiction that are already severe. They know that the case of the hackers is not just the
story of one person's relationship with a machine.
It is the story of a
society's relationship to the so-called thinking machines, which are becoming
almost ubiquitous.
01. We can learn
from the passage that those at the computer center in the middle of the night
are ____.
A. students working
on a program
B. students using
computers to amuse themselves
C. hard-working
computer science majors
D. students deeply
fascinated by the computer
02. Which of the
following is NOT true of those young computer "hackers"?
A. Most of them are
top students majoring in computer programming.
B. For them, computer
programming is the sole purpose for their life.
C. They can stay with
the computer at the center for nearly three days on end.
D. Their
"love" for the computer is so deep that they want to be near their
machines even when they sleep.
03. It can be
reasonably inferred from the passage that ____.
A. the
"hacker" phenomenon exists only at university computer centers
B. university
computer centers are open to almost everyone
C. university
computer centers are expecting outstanding programmers out of the
"hackers"
D. the
"hacker" phenomenon is partly attributable to the deficiency of the
computer centers
04. The author's
attitude towards the "hacker" phenomenon can be described as ____.
A. affirmative
B. contemptuous
C. anxious
D. disgusted
5. Which of the
following may be a most appropriate title for the passage?
A. The Charm of
Computer Science
B. A New Type of
Electronic Toys
C. Compulsive
Computer Programmers
D. Computer Addicts
……
四、翻译：将第三题中的四个划线的句子翻译成汉语，注意联系文章的上下文来理解。
1. Computer science teachers are now more aware
of the implications of this hacker phenomenon and are on the lookout for
potential hackers and cases of computer addiction that are already severe.(passage1)
……
五、写作：
请以“Haste Makes Waste（"欲速则不达）”为题用英语写一篇120字左右的短文。文章应包括以下两方面内容：
1.为什么说"欲速则不达"
2.试举例说明。
写作评分标准： 2分 ……条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分……基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。 8分……基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。 11分……切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 14分……切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误。 [注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。